ESA tests lunar volatile detector models for Japanese rover

(SpaceEnergy) European industry has completed testing of two development models of an ESA mass spectrometer designed to investigate lunar volatiles, supporting future assessments of water and other potential resources near the Moon's south pole.

The European Space Agency (ESA) disclosed the milestone in an announcement published in Italian on 14 October.

The Exploration Mass Spectrometer for Lunar Polar Exploration (EMS-L) is being developed for the Japanese-led Lunar Polar Exploration (LUPEX) rover mission, scheduled for launch no earlier than 2028.

The instrument will measure the chemical composition of the Moon's extremely thin exosphere and detect volatile substances released as the rover moves across the surface and drills into lunar soil.

ESA said measurements at multiple locations should improve understanding of the distribution and abundance of lunar volatiles, including water-related substances that could become resources for future exploration.

European industry, led by Italy's Kayser Italia, has assembled and successfully tested two flight-like development models.

One reproduces the instrument's functions and digital interfaces. The other replicates its mechanical, structural and thermal characteristics.

The models will be used in Japan to verify mechanical, electrical, thermal and data interfaces with the LUPEX rover.

Development partners include the UK's Open University, RAL Space and University of Oxford, alongside France's COMAT.

The instrument will operate aboard a rover developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, travelling to the Moon on India's Chandrayaan-5 lander.

ESA said the development models were ready for shipment to Japan.

The tests represent a hardware-development milestone rather than completion of flight qualification or confirmation of lunar water resources.